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Objective:To analyze the clinical epidemiological characteristics and the prognostic risk factors of patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS).Methods:A total of 2 245 HFRS patients who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from September 2008 to December 2021 were enrolled. Clinical epidemiological data (including gender, age, onset season, onset region, case fatality rate, et al) of HFRS patients were analyzed. The clinical epidemiological characteristics of patients with HFRS in the 2008 to 2012, 2013 to 2017, and 2018 to 2021 groups were compared. Statistical comparisons were performed using chi-square test. The Bonferroni adjusted P-value method was used for pairwise comparisons between groups, and logistic regression analysis was used to screen and evaluate the risk factors associated with the prognosis of HFRS patients. Results:The age of 2 245 HFRS patients was (42.3±15.9) years old. Most of them were male (79.24%(1 779/2 245)), and the main incidence area was Xi′an City (69.53%(1 561/2 245)). There were 132 deaths with an overall case fatality rate of 5.88%. There were 1 088 patients (48.46%) from 2008 to 2012, 647 patients (28.82%) from 2013 to 2017, and 510 patients (22.72%) from 2018 to 2021, with a mortality rate of 7.17%(78/1 088), 5.10%(33/647) and 4.12%(21/510), respectively. From 2008 to 2021, both the number of HFRS cases and the case fatality rate had shown a fluctuating downward trend. There were significant differences in case fatality rate, age distribution, onset season, and onset region among patients in the different year groups ( χ2=6.84, 49.22, 83.47 and 19.29, respectively, all P<0.05). The results of pairwise comparisons showed that the proportion of patients aged >60 years in the 2018 to 2021 group (23.33%(119/510)) was higher than those in the 2008 to 2012 group (12.13%(132/1 088)) and the 2013 to 2017 group (12.36%(80/647)), and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05). The proportions of patients at large peak (October to December) were 62.35%(318/510) in the 2018 to 2021 group and 56.26%(364/647) in the 2013 to 2017 group, which were both lower than that in the 2008 to 2012 group (75.18%(818/1 088)), and the differences were both statistically significant (both P<0.05). The case fatality rate of patients aged >60 years was 9.67%(32/331), which was higher than those of patients aged <30 years (2.86%(16/559)) and patients aged 30 to 60 years (6.20%(84/1 355)), with statistically significant differences (both P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that age 30 to 60 years, age >60 years, smoking, complicated with hypertension, hypotensive shock and hypoxemia were significantly correlated with the prognosis of HFRS patients (odds ratio ( OR)=2.243, 3.632, 1.484, 3.532, 79.422 and 143.955, respectively, all P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that complicated with hypertension ( OR=2.467, P=0.004), hypotensive shock ( OR=11.658, P=0.001), and hypoxemia ( OR=67.767, P<0.001) were the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of HFRS patients. Conclusions:The prevalence of HFRS has shown new changing characteristics from 2008 to 2021. The numbers of HFRS patients and the case fatality rates show a downward trend, and the proportion of HFRS patients aged >60 years increases. Complicated with hypertension, hypotensive shock and development with hypoxemia are the independent risk factors for the prognosis of HFRS.
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Background and Objectives@#Chronic periodontitis can lead to alveolar bone resorption and eventually tooth loss. Stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are appropriate bone regeneration seed cells. To track the survival, migration, and differentiation of the transplanted SHED, we used super paramagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIO) Molday ION Rhodamine-B (MIRB) to label and monitor the transplanted cells while repairing periodontal bone defects. @*Methods@#and Results: We determined an appropriate dose of MIRB for labeling SHED by examining the growth and osteogenic differentiation of labeled SHED. Finally, SHED was labeled with 25 μg Fe/ml MIRB before being transplanted into rats. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to track SHED survival and migration in vivo due to a low-intensity signal artifact caused by MIRB. HE and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that both MIRB-labeled and unlabeled SHED could promote periodontal bone regeneration. The colocalization of hNUC and MIRB demonstrated that SHED transplanted into rats could survive in vivo. Furthermore, some MIRB-positive cells expressed the osteoblast and osteocyte markers OCN and DMP1, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that SHED could secrete protein factors, such as IGF-1, OCN, ALP, IL-4, VEGF, and bFGF, which promote bone regeneration. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that the transplanted SHED was surrounded by a large number of host-derived Runx2- and Col II-positive cells that played important roles in the bone healing process. @*Conclusions@#SHED could promote periodontal bone regeneration in rats, and the survival of SHED could be tracked in vivo by labeling them with MIRB. SHED are likely to promote bone healing through both direct differentiation and paracrine mechanisms.
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Objective:To explore the pathogenic genes, clinical characteristics and treatment follow-up of children with congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS).Methods:Clinical data of 20 cases diagnosed with congenital LQTS and underwent gene testing from April 15, 2011 to April 15, 2021 in Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University were retrospectively collected and analyzed using independent sample t-test and Fisher′ s exact probability method. Results:LQTS-related gene mutations were detected in all the 20 cases, and pathogenic or suspected pathogenic mutations were identified in 18 cases (90.0%). Five LQTS mutation genes were discovered, including KCNQ1, KCNH2, SCN5A, CACNA1C and AKAP9.Eighteen cases (90.0%) had positive symptoms, and 13 cases (65.0%) had definite inducements.The inducement of symptoms in children with LQTS type 1(LQT1) was related to exercise, the causes of syncope in LQT1 and Jervell-Lange-Nielsen syndrome type 1 (JLNS1) with complex heterozygous mutations were exercise or emotional agitation; the causes of syncope in LQTS type 2 (LQT2) were unrelated to exercise; severe exercise in LQTS type 3 (LQT3) resulted in symptoms; and seizure in LQTS type 8 (LQT8) was non-induced.The corrected QT(QTc) interval of 20 cases was (553.1±66.6) ms, with a range of 460-707 ms, among which 17 cases showed QTc≥480 ms.The electrocardiogram(ECG) manifestations of children with various types of LQTS were different.There was no significant difference in QTc between different genders, or between children with syncope and those without syncope (all P>0.05). The follow-up time was (3.4±2.3) years, ranging from 0 to 8.3 years.Seventeen children received treatment[beta blockers and implantable cardiovertor-defibrillator(ICD)] and 3 cases did not.By the end of the follow-up, 1 child died, 19 cases survived, and 2 cases of the surviving children lost consciousness. Conclusions:There is a high consistency between genetic diagnosis and clinical diagnosis of congenital LQTS.The positive rate of gene detection is 90.0%.The clinical manifestations and ECG characteristics vary with genotypes.Beta blockers are protective.ICD therapy can prevent sudden cardiac death when oral medication does not respond.
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Interleukin-35 (IL-35) is an immunosuppressive cytokine mainly secreted by regulatory T cells and regulatory B cells and is involved in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases, tumors, and autoimmune diseases. This article summarizes the immunoregulatory role and mechanism of IL-35 in hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The analysis shows that IL-35 is a "double-edged sword" in HBV-related diseases, and it can not only promote the chronicity of infection and the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, but also alleviate liver inflammation and inhibit liver fibrosis.
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【Objective】 To explore the psychological experience of blood donors with blood donation-related vasovagal reaction (DRVR), so as to provide basis for improving the quality of blood donation services. 【Methods】 The real experience of 9 DRVR blood donors was analyzed using the phenomenological research method in qualitative research. 【Results】 The occurrence of DRVR caused distinct psychological conflict among blood donor. Blood donors lacked knowledge about blood donation and expected professional evaluation and continuous support. The occurrence of DRVR was an important reason for blood donor lapsing. 【Conclusion】 By resolving the distinct psychological conflicts of DRVR blood donors, establishing DRVR early warning evaluation and feedback system, as well as strengthening the construction of support system, blood collection and supply institutions can create a good humanistic and social environment for sustainable development of voluntary blood donation.
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Objective To investigate the influence of interleukin-6(IL-6) on the expression and function of programmed death-1(PD-1) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by measuring the plasma level of IL-6 and the expression of PD-1 in peripheral blood CD8 + T cells from HCC patients. Methods A total of 44 HCC patients who attended Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital or The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University & Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University from January to September 2019 were enrolled as HCC group, and 19 healthy controls, matched for age and sex, were enrolled as HC group. Peripheral blood was collected, and plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated to separate CD8 + T cells. ELISA was used to measure the plasma level of IL-6, and flow cytometry was used to measure the expression level of PD-1 in CD8 + T cells. The separated CD8 + T cells were stimulated with anti-IL-6 neutralizing antibody for 24 hours; CCK-8 assay was used to measure cell proliferation, ELISA was used to measure the levels of interferon-γ (IFNγ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in supernatant, real-time PCR was used to measure the relative mRNA expression levels of perforin, granzyme B, and granulysin, and Western blot was used to measure the phosphorylation levels of STAT3 and Src. The t -test or the paired t -test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. Results Compared with the HC group, the HCC group had a significant increase in the plasma level of IL-6 (99.67±20.92 pg/mL vs 81.05±16.76 pg/mL, t =3.427, P =0.001 1). There was no significant difference in the percentage of CD3 + CD8 + T cells between the HCC group and the HC group, while there was a significant increase in the percentage of PD-1 + CD8 + cells in HCC patients (3.79%±1.36% vs 2.20%±0.47%, t =5.335, P < 0.000 1). In the patients with HCC, although anti-IL-6 neutralizing antibody for inhibiting IL-6 in CD8 + T cells did not affect cell proliferation, it downregulated the expression of PD-1 (2.67%±0.91% vs 3.33%±1.12%, t =2.177, P =0.035) and increased the secretion of IFNγ (13.50±3.82 pg/mL vs 10.82±1.37 pg/mL, t =3.170, P =0.002 8), and there were also significant increases in the relative mRNA expression levels of perforin and granzyme B ( t =6.161 and 14.140, both P < 0.000 1) and a significant reduction in the level of phosphorylated STAT3 ( P < 0.000 1). Conclusion Anti-IL-6 neutralizing antibody can enhance the function of CD8 + T cells in HCC patients possibly by increasing the levels of perforin and granzyme B, improving the secretion of cytokines, and inhibiting the expression of PD-1.
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Objective To investigate the influence of interleukin-6(IL-6) on the expression and function of programmed death-1(PD-1) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by measuring the plasma level of IL-6 and the expression of PD-1 in peripheral blood CD8 + T cells from HCC patients. Methods A total of 44 HCC patients who attended Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital or The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University & Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University from January to September 2019 were enrolled as HCC group, and 19 healthy controls, matched for age and sex, were enrolled as HC group. Peripheral blood was collected, and plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated to separate CD8 + T cells. ELISA was used to measure the plasma level of IL-6, and flow cytometry was used to measure the expression level of PD-1 in CD8 + T cells. The separated CD8 + T cells were stimulated with anti-IL-6 neutralizing antibody for 24 hours; CCK-8 assay was used to measure cell proliferation, ELISA was used to measure the levels of interferon-γ (IFNγ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in supernatant, real-time PCR was used to measure the relative mRNA expression levels of perforin, granzyme B, and granulysin, and Western blot was used to measure the phosphorylation levels of STAT3 and Src. The t -test or the paired t -test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. Results Compared with the HC group, the HCC group had a significant increase in the plasma level of IL-6 (99.67±20.92 pg/mL vs 81.05±16.76 pg/mL, t =3.427, P =0.001 1). There was no significant difference in the percentage of CD3 + CD8 + T cells between the HCC group and the HC group, while there was a significant increase in the percentage of PD-1 + CD8 + cells in HCC patients (3.79%±1.36% vs 2.20%±0.47%, t =5.335, P < 0.000 1). In the patients with HCC, although anti-IL-6 neutralizing antibody for inhibiting IL-6 in CD8 + T cells did not affect cell proliferation, it downregulated the expression of PD-1 (2.67%±0.91% vs 3.33%±1.12%, t =2.177, P =0.035) and increased the secretion of IFNγ (13.50±3.82 pg/mL vs 10.82±1.37 pg/mL, t =3.170, P =0.002 8), and there were also significant increases in the relative mRNA expression levels of perforin and granzyme B ( t =6.161 and 14.140, both P < 0.000 1) and a significant reduction in the level of phosphorylated STAT3 ( P < 0.000 1). Conclusion Anti-IL-6 neutralizing antibody can enhance the function of CD8 + T cells in HCC patients possibly by increasing the levels of perforin and granzyme B, improving the secretion of cytokines, and inhibiting the expression of PD-1.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of gamma-chain (γC) cytokines in regulating the expression of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing molecule 3 (TIM-3) in CD8+ T cells of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. MethodsA total of 23 CHB patients who attended Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, from January to May, 2017, were enrolled. Peripheral blood was collected from all patients, and Ficoll density gradient centrifugation was used to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). PBMCs were stimulated with interleukin-7 (IL-7), interleukin-15 (IL-15), and interleukin-21, respectively, and then anti-γC antibody and/or anti-IL-7Rα, anti-IL-2Rβ, and anti-IL-21R were added to the culture solution. After 96 hours of culture, flow cytometry was used to measure the expression of TIM-3, interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interferon-γ (IFNγ) and the phosphorylation level of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) in CD8+ T cells. A one-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference t-test were used for comparison of continuous data. ResultsThe CD8+ T cells stimulated by IL-7 and IL-15 had a significantly higher percentage of TIM-3-positive CD8+ T cells than those without stimulation (t=9.966 and 9074, P＜0.05), as well as significantly higher expression levels of IL-2, IL-10, and IFN-γ and phosphorylation levels of STAT-5 and STAT-1 (all P＜0.05). Stimulation with anti-IL-7Rα and anti-γC antibody significantly reduced the elevated expression levels of TIM-3, IL-2, and IL-10 in the IL-7 stimulation group (t=5.537, 6.224, and 4.500, P＜0.05). Stimulation with anti-IL-2Rβ alone or in combination with anti-γC antibody significantly reduced the expression levels of TIM-3 and IL-2 and the phosphorylation level of STAT-1 in the IL-15 stimulation group (P ＜0.05). ConclusionIL-7 and IL-15 can upregulate the expression of TIM-3 in CD8+ T cells of CHB patients, possibly via the γC receptor-mediated STAT-cytokine signaling pathway.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of long-stem hemiarthroplasty in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients with severe osteoporosis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 48 elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures of the femur with severe osteoporosis in Liaocheng People′s Hospital from April 2017 to April 2019.Twenty three patients received long-stem hemiarthroplasty (LHA group). Twenty five patients were treated with proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) (PFNA group). PFNA group was used as the control group.The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, perioperative blood transfusion volume, number of intraoperative fluoroscopy, weight-bearing time after operation, the incidence of postoperative complications, hospitalization time, and Harris hip score of 1, 3, 6, 12 months after surgery, to investigate the efficacy of the application of long-stem hemiarthroplasty.Results:In LHA group, 23 patients were followed up for (18.6±3.9) (range from 12.0 to 26.0) months, and 25 patients in the PFNA group were followed up for (17.8±3.3)(range from 12.0 to 24.0) months.There was no significant difference in follow-up time between the two groups ( Z=-0.552, P=0.581). The operation time of LHA Group (60 (55, 73) h) was longer than that of PFNA Group (55 (50, 60) h). The intraoperative blood loss in LHA Group ((179.35±63.47) mL) was more than that in PFNA Group ((122.80±49.03) mL). The number of fluoroscopy in LHA Group (2 (2, 2) times)was less than that in PFNA Group (16 (14.5, 19.5) times). The time of weight bearing in LHA Group (4 (3, 5) d) was earlier than that in PFNA Group (33 (30, 36) d), and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=2.459, t=3.470, Z=6.216, Z=5.959; all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in perioperative blood transfusion, hospital stay and postoperative complications between the two groups (all P>0.05). Harris hip function score was significantly higher in LHA Group ((76.70±5.96), (82.13±6.38), (85.96±7.16), (88.78±7.67) points) and PFNA Group ((63.80±3.46), (71.56±2.55), (81.60±3.38), (88.08±4.83) points) increased gradually with the increase of follow-up time ( Fintra-group=432.557, Pintra-group<0.001), and the score reached the highest 12 months after operation.Harris hip function score of LHA group was higher than that of PFNA group( Finter-group=25.437, Pinter-group<0.001). There was interaction effect between follow-up time point and operation mode( Finteraction=53.464, Pinteraction<0.001). Conclusion:For the elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fracture with severe osteoporosis, the application of lengthened stem hemiarthroplasty can get out of bed early, reduce the complications of bed rest, reduce the number of intraoperative fluoroscopy, and recover the function of hip joint earlier and better with satisfactory results.
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Background and Objectives@#Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has major effects in premature infants. Although previous literature has indicated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can alleviate lung pathology in BPD newborns and improve the survival rate, few research have been done investigating significantly differentially expressed genes in the lungs before and after MSCs therapy. The aim of this study is to identify differentially expressed genes in lung tissues before and after hAD-MSC treatment. @*Methods@#and Results: Human amnion-derived MSCs (hAD-MSCs) were cultured and met the MSCs criteria for cell phenotype and multidirectional differentiation. Then we confirmed the size of hAD-MSCs-EXOs and their expressed markers. An intratracheal drip of living cells showed the strongest effect on NHLI compared to cellular secretions or exosomes, both in terms of ameliorating pulmonary edema and reducing inflammatory cell infiltration. Through gene chip hybridization, PCR, and western blotting, acylaminoacyl-peptide hydrolase (APEH) expression was found to be significantly decreased under hyperoxia, and significantly increased after hAD-MSC treatment. @*Conclusions@#The intratracheal transplantation of hAD-MSCs ameliorated NHLI in neonatal rats through APEH.
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Objective To explore the physiological characteristics of vascular invasion of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis(HAE) and the growth pattern of lesion.Methods 120 cases with HAE were all scanned by 256 slices MSCT,then the images were taken three-dimensional reconstruction.A comparison between pathology and images were made for the evaluation of vascular invasion.Results Pathological examination showed that the invasion rate of intrahepatic vein(left hepatic vein,middle hepatic vein,right hepatic vein, inferior vena cava),portal vein and hepatic artery were 34.38%,31.11%,22.50%,respectively.176 branches of the intrahepatic vein, 67 branches of the hepatic artery and 127 branches of portal vein were involved.Combined with the pathology,the Kappa values were 0.868,0.725 and 0.844.Conclusion HAE is easy to involve the intrahepatic veins as it grows,considering its"indulgence of vein"feature.In order to improve the targeting effect,the mode of administration could be changed.MSCT can exactly evaluate the invasion of intrahepatic vessels,providing important basis for clinical treatment.
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Human adenovirus ( HAdV ) is the most widely used vector of gene drugs . Its applications range from oncolytic therapy to vaccination , besides , HAdV is one of the most important pathogen causing acute respiratory infections in infants and young children .How the human innate immune system protects against HAdV has always been the focus of its application as a vaccine carrier .In patients with immunodeficient and hematopoietic stem cell transplant , specific T cell immunotherapy is also one of the hotspots in recent years .Although some HAdV vector vaccines have entered clinical trials , the immune mechanism remains controversial .This article describes how the human innate immune system and the adaptive immune system defend against HAdV and the escape mechanism of HAdV for human immune responses ,in order to indicate directions for vaccine research and deepen clinicians 'understanding of HAdV severe infections .
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Objective To compare the short-term therapeutic effects of reconstruction plate versus locking compression plate in the treatment of comminuted fracture of midshaft clavicle in the aged patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of the 64 aged patients who had been treated from March 2009 to April 2015 for comminuted fracture of midshaft clavicle with reconstruction plate or locking compression plate.They were divided into 2 groups according to their treatment methods.There were 30 patients in the reconstruction plate group,14 males and 16 females with an average age of 67.9±5.6 years;there were 34 patients in the locking compression plate group,15 males and 19 females with an average age of 67.1 ± 5.3 years.The 2 groups were compared in terms of operation time,blood loss,fracture healing time,internal fixation failure and shoulder functional recovery.Results The reconstruction plate and locking compression plate groups were followed up for 13.2 ± 3.2 and 12.4 ± 2.9 months,respectively.For the 2 groups,respectively,the average operation time was 62.2 ± 10.7 min and 58.1 ± 11.4 min,the average amount of blood loss during operation 35.2 ± 10.7 mL and 30.4 ±9.6 mL,the average fracture healing time 4.7 ±0.7 months and 4.5 ± 0.7 months,and the excellent to good rate of shoulder function 86.7％ (26/30) and 91.2％ (31/34),showing no significant difference between the 2 groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Five cases (16.7％) reported plate breakage,screw loosening or delayed union due to fixation failure in the reconstruction plate group but none reported fixation failure in the locking compression plate group,showing a significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant difference between the 2 groups in fracture nonunion,malunion,neurovascular injury or acromioclavicular arthritis (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Since locking compression plate may lead to a lower incidence of fixation failure compared with reconstruction plate,it is recommendable for elderly patients with comminuted fracture of midshafi clavicle.
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Objective:To explore the role of 6-CYANO-2,3-DIHYDROXY-7-NITROQUIN OXALINE (CNQX) in different types of synapse secretion.Methods:The spontaneous mEPSCs and eEPSCs at different extracellular concentrations of CNQX in cultured cortical or hippocampal neurons were recorded respectively.Results:The half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of CNQX in evoked neurotransmitter release was significantly higher than that of spontaneous release,indicating that the spontaneous neurotransmitter release was more sensitive to CNQX.No apparent difference was observed between cortical and hippocampal cells,suggesting that the blocking effect of CNQX was similar in different brain regions.Conclusion:CNQX might have differential regulating mechanisms between excitatory spontaneous and evoked neurotransmitter release,but without brain regions specificity.
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AIM: To compare the therapeutic effects of transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSC) through different ways on diabetic mice.METHODS: hUCMSCs were labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and luciferase (Luc) reporter gene, and then the cells were transplanted into the diabetic mice through pancreas or tail vein to monitor the migration of the hUCMSCs in vivo.The pathological changes of pancreas tissue sections were determined by HE staining.Weight and blood glucose of the mice were measured dynamically.To compare the therapeutic effects, serum insulin levels were analyzed and glucose tolerance test were also performed.RESULTS: In vivo bioluminescence imaging results showed that the hUCMSCs transplanted into pancreatic capsule was mainly located in the pancreas while the hUCMSCs transplanted through vein tail injection was mainly located in the lung.HE staining illustrated that islet cells presented distinctive boundary and no infiltration of inflammatory cells in pancreatic capsule transplantation group was observed, but a little inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis formation in tail vein injection group were seen.A significant decrease in blood glucose level and a significant increase in serum insulin level in pancreas transplantation group were showed as compared with vein tail injection group.CONCLUSION: Transplantation of hUCMSCs through different approaches demonstrates different effects.The transplantation of hUCMSCs into pancreatic capsule is more effective on hyperglycemia reversion, insulin secretion and improvement of beta-cell function than that through tail vein.
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Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is the main cause of chronic liver diseases in China. The clearance of HBV is important for patients with chronic hepatitis B.Current antiviral therapy includes interferon and nucleotide analogues.The adverse reactions of interferon are common which restrict its application.Nucleotide analogues need long-term maintenance treatment.Kupffer cells (KCs) are the main innate immune cells in the liver.Studies have shown that KCs play an important role in hepatitis B virus infection.It can inhibit virus replication effectively , but may also result in immune dysfunction , causing HBV persistence.Understanding the mechanism related to the role of KCs in hepatitis B virus infection may lead to a new approach of antiviral therapy.
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Objective To investigate the MR signal intensity and spectroscopy characteristics of lumbar bone marrow in normal adult of Tibetan and Han nationality in high altitude.Methods According to the inclusion criteria,lumbar MRI examinations in Tibetan and Chinese volunteers(each 50 cases)were obtained.For each inspector,the lumbar 3 vertebra was selected,TFE sequence was used to measure the signal strength,T2map was used to measured the T2time,and 1H-MRS was used to measure the lumbar bone marrow spectrum signal.The measured data were statistically analyzed.Results Compared with the Han nationality in Xining area,T1-TFE sequence of Tibetan showed obvious low signal in the lumbar vertebra.The relative signal intensity were significantly different(P=0.001).For measurement of T2time,there was no significant differences(P=0.061).The spectrum analysis showed a line of low fat high water for Tibetan,and a line of low water high fat for Han nationality in Xining area.There were significant differences for water peak intensity,Width, Height and peak Area,but no significant differences in Lipid peak.There were significant differences(P<0.05)on Lipid water absorption ratio, fat water ratio,fat fraction between the two groups.Conclusion The Tibetan shows a low signal on T1WI sequence of lumbar spine which is considered in hypoxia condition for a long time,and the bone marrow red pulp associated with water content increased sig-nificantly.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on intrahepatic natural killer (NK) cells and innate lymphoid cell 22 (ILC22), and to provide theoretical and experimental bases for clarifying mechanisms of HBV infection in inducing innate immune response. MethodsA total of 10 male BALC/c aged 6-8 weeks were divided into experimental group and control group, with 5 mice in each group. The mice in the experimental group were treated with the hydrodynamic injection of normal saline containing 10 μg plasmids of complete HBV genome (the volume equaled to 9% of the body weight of the mouse) via the caudal vein, and those in the control group were only treated with normal saline. The mice were scarified 4 days later, and intrahepatic lymphocytes (IHLs) were isolated. Flow cytometry was used to determine the proportions of NK cells and ILC22 subset in IHLs, and the t-test was used for comparison between groups. ResultsHydrodynamic injection of the plasmids containing complete HBV genome induced high levels of HBsAg and HBeAg in mice, with an increase in the serum level of alanine aminotransferase. After HBV infection, the experimental group showed a significant increase in the proportion of intrahepatic NK cells compared with the control group (25.90%±4.92% vs 12.98%±2.13%, t=3.811, P=0.003), while there were no significant differences in the proportions of CD127+ and CD127- NK subsets in NK cells between the two groups. Moreover, after HBV infection, the experimental group showed a significant increase in the proportion of intrahepatic NKp46+ILC22 subset compared with the control group (36.05%±6.85% vs 10.22%±3.54%, t=7.372, P＜0001); however, there was no significant difference in the proportion of NKp46-ILC22 between the two groups. ConclusionHBV infection induces increased levels of intrahepatic NK cells and NKp46+ILC22 cells and thus promotes the innate immune response in the liver.
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The role of insulin pump in the treatment of diabetes is becoming more and more significant. Based on the systematic literature review, collation and analysis, this article introduces the management of insulin pump outside the hospital from the development trend of insulin pump, application and common problems. In order to enhance the therapeutic satisfaction of patients and improve their quality of life, our aims are to put forward the strategy of standardized management and provide a reference for establishing and improving the standardized management system of insulin pump therapy outside hospital.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of piggyBac transpon,as a carrier of four defined transcription factors Oct4,Sox2,Klf4 and c-Myc,in the reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs)to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).Methods:The MEFs were isolated from Oct4-GFP fetal mice and transfected by piggyBac transposon with four factors (Oct4,Sox2,Klf4 and c-Myc).The morphological changes of clones were traced with microscope during the process of induction.The chromosomes were analyzed to evaluate the karyotypic variation of iPSCs.The mRNA expressions of Oct4, Nanog and FGF4 associated with embryonic stem cells (ESCs)in the iPSCs of mice were tested by RT-PCR;the protein expressions of SSEA-1,Nanog and Alkaline phosphatase in the iPSCs of mice were determined by flow cytometry,immunofluorescence and AP staining.The iPSCs were transplanted into the NOD-SCID mouse groin,4 weeks later,the teratomas were removed for HE staining and the differentiation of tissue was observed.Results:The iPSCs were successfully obtained from MEFs by piggyBac carrying Oct4,Sox2,Klf4,and c-Myc.The round or oval iPSCs clones were similar to ESCs with clear boundry and large dense nuleus.The iPSCs showed the normal karyotypic and expressed the marker genes (Oct4,Nanog and FGF4)and proteins (SSEA-1,Nanog and AP)of ESCs.Teratomas containing three germ layers were formed in NOD-SCID mice after tanspalantation of iPSCs.Conclusion:The iPSCs are reprogrammed from MEFs by piggyBac transposon with four transcription factors-Oct4,Sox2,Klf4 and c-Myc,and the iPSCs with normal karyotype possess the characteristics of ESCs.